Ramayana
Historical background
One of the two great Sanskrit epics of India, the other being the Mahabharata. In its present form the epic consists of disparate elements, including romantic stories, myths, legends and vague historical information.
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row (from left to right): Ravana in council; Lakshmana fights against Ravana and is wounded; Hanuman goes to the Himalayas to fetch the magical
herbs; On his way there he encounters the rakshasa Kalanemi disguised as an ascetic and the nymph Dhanyamali transformed by a curse into a crocodile Hanuman kills both of them; Second row: Rama enters the battlefield and fights against Ravana, killing him; Ravana’s wives mourn his death; Third row: Rama and his allies on board of the pushpaka vimana (aerial chariot); They fly above a Brahma (flanked by Yama ?) and a Vishnu temple where Hanuman and Angada (?) pay their respects; Fourth row: The arrival of the pushpaka vimana in Nandigrama; Bharata and Shatrughna pay homage to Rama. General rejoicings.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row (left): Rama and Sugriva look at the victims on the battlefield; Council scene; (right) Ravana in council; Second row (left): Ravana’s cremation; Vibhishana mourns his brother’s death; Rakshasa priests comfort him; Ablutions after Ravana’s
last rites; Rama in council; Third row: The pushpaka vimana (aerial chariot) flies above the causeway and Rameshwaram; (right); Lakshmana and Sugriva (?) consecrate Vibhishana: Vibhishana prostrates before Rama, Lakshmana and the allies.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: Ravana in council; Lakshmana seated on Hanuman’s shoulders fights against three rakshasas; Two messengers report to Ravana and Kumbhakarna; Ravana gathers his rakshasa troops; Second row: Ravana in council listens to the reports of four messengers; Lakshmana riding on Hanuman’s shoulders kills Mahodara; Messengers report to Ravana; Rakshasas carrying pots; Vibhishana
talks to Rama and Lakshmana; The troops of the allies storm Lanka; Third row: Vibhishana’s consecration; Vibhishana prostrates before Rama; Rama talks to the allies; Hanuman and the allies visits Sita in the ashoka grove; She is bathed; They carry her in a palanquin; Fourth row: The allies in the pushpaka vimana land in Kishkindha; They fly above Jatayu’s remains, the remains of Ravana’s chariot (?) and above a river (?); Fifth row: Trumpeters announce the return of the exiles.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: Vibhishana sees Ravana’s troops approaching; Sugriva sends his troops
across the bridge; A battle scene; Second row: The allies invade Lanka; Hanuman grabs Mandodari by the hair; Rama in council; Ravana enters the fray and Indra sends his divine chariot to Rama; Third row: Sita is carried in a palanquin; She prostrates before Rama; Sita’s fire ordeal; The gods witness the scene; She then prostrates before Rama; Fourth row: The empty aerial chariot; The allies in Ayodhya (?), Hanuman runs towards Guha who arrives by boat; Central tableau: Ramapattabhisheka.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches: Hanuman and his troops disrupt Indrajit’s yajna in Nikumbhila. Hanuman urinates in the sacred fire. On the left: Lakshmana and the allies fight against Indrajit.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches; Indrajit, concealed in a cloud lets loose a rain of arrows on the army of the allies headed by Lakshmana riding on Hanuman’s shoulders.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches; Ravana in Lanka surrounded by his ministers and flanked by Indrajit standing on the left, and by Kumbhakarna, seated on the right.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches; Ravana’s son Indrajit bids farewell to his wife, Sulochana, before the battle against Lakshmana and his allies.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches; Indrajit mounted on his chariot and his foot soldiers faces Lakshmana.The latter, seated on Hanuman’s shoulders, shoots a magical three-headed arrow which decapitates Indrajit.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches; Lakshmana and his troops bring Indrajit’s head to Rama. Ravana, in his palace, flanked by courtiers and ladies, mourns his son’s death.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The empty aerial chariot; crowds in a palace; Bottom row: Rama; Lakshmana; Sita; Bharata and Shatrughna in Nandigrama.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row (left): Ravana, Kumbhakarna and other rakshasas in council; Ravana gathers his troops; (right) the troops march towards the battlefield; Second row: (left) Lakshmana riding on Hanuman’s shoulders kills Mahodara; Messengers report to Ravana; Rakshasas carrying pots (?); Vibhishana talks to Rama and his allies; They attack Lanka; (right) They storm the palace and pollute Ravana’s yajna; Hanuman grabs Mandodari by the hair; Third row: (left) Rama requests Hanuman to fetch Sita; He and his followers go to the ashoka grove; The attendants bathe Sita; (right) Hanuman and his followers carry Sita in a palanquin to Rama and prostrates before him; Fourth row (left);The allies in the pushpaka vimana (aerial chariot) fly above Jatayu’s remains (?) and above the sea (?) (right) and land in Ayodhya; Fifth row: The reunion of the exiles and their family in Nandigrama.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
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