Gods
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Ramapattabhisheka (Rama’s consecration); Rama and Sita enthroned flanked by Lakshmana and the rishis, on the left; Bharata holding the ceremonial umbrella, Shatrughna waving a fly-whisk, Vibhishana and others on the right. In the foreground are the allies, Hanuman kneels before Rama supporting his right foot; Sugriva distributes the presents (jewellery) to all the participants in the Lanka expedition.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Ramapattabhisheka (Rama’s consecration); Rama and Sita enthroned flanked by Lakshmana and the rishis, on the left; Bharata holding the ceremonial umbrella, Shatrughna waving a fly-whisk, Vibhishana and others on the right. In the foreground are the allies, Hanuman kneels before Rama supporting his right foot; Sugriva distributes the presents (jewellery) to all the participants in the Lanka expedition.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Description: Bottom row: Hanuman, Sita and Vibhishana before Rama; Lakshmana lights up the fire for Sita’s ordeal: Central row: Sita’s fire ordeal witnessed by all the deities; Top row: Rama, Sita and the allies fly back to Ayodhya on the pushpaka vimana.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Sita is taken in a palanquin preceded by Vibhishana and musicians to meet Rama and his allies; Central row: Brahma, Shiva, other celestials and the dikpalas witness Sita’s fire ordeal; Top row: Rama, Sita and the allies, on their journey to Ayodhya on board of the pushpaka vimana. pay homage to the navagrahas temple at Navapashana.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa,ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Hanuman informs Sita that she is to meet Rama; she is bathed, and carried in a palanquin. Vibhishana and musicians precede her; Central row: Celestials and dikpalas witness Sita’s fire ordeal. On the extreme right, Agni carries Sita in his
arms and restores her unscathed to Rama; A gandharva, floating on a cloud, throws flowers on the protagonists; Top row: On their way back to Ayodhya, Rama, Sita and their allies worship at the navagrahas shrine at Navapashana. On the right: monkeys.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Hanuman informs Sita that she is to meet Rama; she is bathed, and carried in a palanquin; Central row, on the extreme right: Agni carries Sita in his arms to restore her to Rama; Top row: The navagrahas shrines at Navapashana, and fragments of figures. On the right, monkeys.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parhasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Rama talks to Vibhishana, who prostrates before him, followed by a monkey and Jambavan; Lakshmana consecrates Vibhishana; Central row: Angada and Hanuman disrupt Ravana’s patala-homa (a sacrifice to ensure the victory over the enemy); Rama’s troops invade Ravana’s palace; Angada grabs Mandodari by the hair; Top row: battle scenes: Lakshmana fights against Ravana and other rakshasas under the eyes of Jambavan, Sugriva and other heroes.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Rama talks to Vibhishana, who prostrates before him, followed by a monkey and by Jambavan; Lakshmana consecrates Vibhishana; Central row: Hanuman and Angada disrupt Ravana’s patala-homa (a special sacrifice to ensure victory over the enemy); the monkeys invade Ravana’s
palace; Angada grabs Mandodari by the hair and drags her out of her rooms; Ravana, a disappeared figure, and Sugriva(?); Top row: battle scenes: Lakshmana fights against Ravana and other rakshasas under the eyes of Jambavan, Sugriva and other heroes.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Battle scenes on all three rows. Top row: Lakshmana is wounded on the battlefield and lies on Rama’s lap. The physician Sushena takes care of him; Hanuman goes to the Himalayas and brings back the mountain with the healing herbs.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Rama on the battlefield ; Vibhishana talks to him; Battle scenes; Central row: almost totally
disappeared; Top row: Hanuman on a hillock; Hanuman and Vibhishana talk to Jambavan; Wounded and dying heroes.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row, left: A council scene: Rama discusses the strategy with Hanuman, Vibhishana and Jambavan; On the extreme right: Lakshmana on Hanuman’s shoulders fights against Indrajit (?); Central row: Disappeared; Top row: The wounded and dying vanaras.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Shiva on Mount Kailasa flanked by Parvati and Narada (right) and Ganesha. Top row: Vishnu in Vaikuntha flanked by Sridevi, Bhudevi and attendants.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Nataraja Temple complex;Chidambaram
Positioning: Shivakamasundari shrine; open mandapa, northernmost bay (E)
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