Ladies
Historical background
The numerous depictions of ladies, queens, attendants, fan-. fly whisk-, arm-bearers, not to speak of the heavenly apsaras and other divine beauties were a source of great inspiration for the artists.
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row: Having failed to free the dumb daughter of the Chola king of her infirmity, the defeated Buddhists are killed.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine; north wall
Date: 18th-19th century
Description: The story of Sambandar. Top, worship scene; the Pandya queen invites the saint to Madurai; the Jains and the king; they send Agni to burn the house where the saint is living.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Panchatchara mandapa, ceiling of the east bay
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row (on the right of the corner, from left to right): The dikpalas worship Vishnu reclining on the coils of the serpent Shesha, enshrined in a temple on an island; This may refer to Sri Ranganatha temple at Srirangam; Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma on their vahanas; Second row: Namakarana (name giving ceremony); Third row: Vishvamitra and Vasishtha talk to king Dasharatha; Dasharatha is devastated on hearing Vishvamitra’s request; Rama and Lakshmana leave with the sage; Fourth row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across the river and perform their ablutions.
Top row (on the left of the corner, from left to right); Dasharatha gifts cows to the Brahmins; the babies are given a bath; Second row; Rama hits Kuni (Manthara) with mud pellets; the princes and their mothers; the arrival of Vishvamitra; Third row; Rama and Lakshmana protect the sages’ yajna; Subahu is killed; The princes are praised by the rishis; they spend the night under the watchful gaze of Vishvamitra; Fourth row; Rama breaks Shiva’s bow; Sita’s suitors are devastated.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The dikpalas worship Vishnu reclining on the coils of the serpent Shesha; Vishnu and Shiva on their vahanas; Second row: Dasharatha and the queens celebrate their children namakarana (name giving ceremony); Third row: Vishvamitra and Vasishtha talk to Dasharatha; Dasharatha is devastated on hearing Vishvamitra’s request; Rama and Lakshmana leave with the sage; Fourth row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across a river. They perform their ablutions.
Location: Tamil Nadu;Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The dikpalas worship Vishnu reclining on the coils of the serpent Shesha; Vishnu, Shiva and
Brahma on their vahanas; Second row: Dasharatha and the queens with their children on their lap celebrate the namakarana (name giving ceremony) officiated by Vasishtha; Third row: Vishvamitra and Vasishtha talk to Dasharatha; Dasharatha is devastated on hearing Vishvamitra’s request; Rama and Lakshmana leave with the sage; Fourth row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across a river; They perform their ablutions; Rama frees Ahalya from her curse.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The dikpalas worship Vishnu reclining on the serpent Shesha; Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma on their vahanas; The dikpalas pay homage to the three gods seated atop a mountain; Second row: Dasharatha and the queens with the children on their lap, at the namakarana (name giving) ceremony officiated by Vasishtha; Third row: Vishvamitra and Vasishtha talk to Dasharatha; Dasharatha is devastated on hearing Vishvamitra’s request; Rama and Lakshmana leave with the sage; the queens and the courtiers say farewell to them; Fourth row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across a river. They perform their ablutions; Rama frees Ahalya from her curse, immediately behind her is her husband, Gautama.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma on their vahanas; The dikpalas pay homage to the three gods seated atop a mountain; Narada discovers the sage Valmiki buried in an anthill writing on a palm leaf; Shravanakumara carries his blind parents in baskets tied to a yoke; He is accidentally killed by Dasharatha; Second row: The namakarana (name giving) ceremony is performed by Vasishtha; The queens and a nurse, nursing the four babies; They watch the infants crawling; Third row: Dasharatha is devastated by Vishvamitra’s request; He entrusts Rama and Lakshmana to the sage, and along with the queens and courtiers escorts them to the gates of Ayodhya; They arrive in the forest and spend their first night there; They reach an ashram; Fourth row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across a river; They perform their ablutions. Rama frees Ahalya from her curse, immediately behind her is her husband Gautama. In the arch above the door leading to the puja room, Gajalakshmi; On the right: Vishvamitra and the princes arrive in Mithila.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The dikpalas pay homage to Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma; Shravanakumara carries his blind parents in baskets tied to a yoke; He is accidentally killed by Dasharatha; The king talks to the youth’s parents; King Romapada talks to two ascetics; The courtesans leave the town; Second row: The queens nurse the babies and watch the crawling toddlers; The princes are being schooled by Vasishtha; Third row: Rama and Lakshmana walk through the forest with Vishvamitra; They spend their first night in the wilderness; They follow their guide and listen to his words; After crossing a river they meet some ascetics and listen to their discourses; Three ascetics
bid farewell to Vishvamitra and the boys; Fourth row: The trio arrives in Mithila, Sita from the window of her palace sees Rama; Vishvamitra talks to a gatekeeper; King Janaka prostrates before the sage; Vishvamitra and the princes talk to the king and his minister.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: The courtesans seduce Rishyashringa, they take him to the Anga country, and the drought ceases; The wedding of Shanta and Rishyashringa (Kalaikottu munivar); Second row: Vasishtha trains the princes in horse and elephant riding; Third row: Vishvamitra and his charges are ferried across a river
they enter a forest where they encounter Tataka; Fourth row: Janaka, his chaplain and his ministers talk to Vishvamitra and his charges; Vishvamitra and the princes before the assembled court; Janaka Vishvamitra, the princes and Janaka’s chaplain look on while the king instructs four servants to fetch Shiva’s bow.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: Rishyashringa (Kalaikottu munivar) arrives in Ayodhya and is welcomed by Dasharatha, Vasishtha and Sumantra; The putrakameshti yajna (ritual to obtain a son) is celebrated; Dasharatha divides the payasa among his three queens; Second row: The princes are trained in riding elephants, driving chariots, and fencing; Third row: Vishvamitra tells Rama to kill the demoness Tataka and once she is dead, freed from her curse, her soul ascends to heaven; Vishvamitra, Lakshmana, Indra other gods and gandharvas, praise Rama; Vishvamitra bestows the magical weapons on Rama; Fourth row: Four servants listen to Janaka’s command; Nine servants carry Shiva’s bow in the assembly hall.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row: Rishyashringa (Kalaikottu munivar) arrives in Ayodhya and is welcomed by Dasharatha Vasishtha and Sumantra; The putrakameshti yajna (ritual to obtain a son) is celebrated; Dasharatha divides the payasa among his three queens; Second row: The princes are trained in riding elephants, driving chariots and fencing; Third row: Vishvamitra tells Rama to kill the demoness Tataka and once she is dead, freed from her curse, her soul ascends to heaven; Vishvamitra, Lakshmana, Indra, other gods and the gandharvas praise Rama; Vishvamitra bestows the magical weapons on Rama; Fourth row: Four servants listen to Janaka’s command; Nine servants carry Shiva’s bow in the assembly hall.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Top row (from left to right): The wedding of Rishyashringa (Kalaikottu munivar) and Shanta; The sage travels in a palanquin to Ayodhya where he is welcomed by king Dasharatha and his courtiers; Second row: Vasishtha trains the princes in the martial arts; Third row: Vishvamitra tells Rama to kill Tataka; Fourth row: Janaka gives instructions to four servants.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Lakshmi Vilasam
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