Music
Historical background
Musical performances, musicians and singers have always played a great role in the visual art of India.

Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches: A gandharva plays the vina, a gandharvi plays the fiddle.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall

Date: mid-19th century
Description: Scene on the underside of the lobed arches: A gandharva plays the mridangam, a gandharvi plays the ghutru.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall

Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: The wedding of Shiva and Parvati, detail: Tumburu, Narada and Bhairava (?), Vishnu and Sarasvati. Above the main scenes (left), kinnaras playing musical instruments and buildings inhabited by rishis (right). Below the main scenes: a dancer, two kettledrum and four trumpet players.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling, second row from west

Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: The wedding of Shiva and Parvati, detail; Three goddesses bearing trays; Bhringi, Adhikaranandi and Ganesha. Immediately above are kinnaras playing musical instruments and buildings inhabited by rishis. Below: Musicians playing trumpets and kettledrums, and a dancer.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling, second row from west

Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Vignettes, from left: Dvarapala; Musicians; Two dancing girls; Three ladies carrying trays with offerings; Two brahmins and a courtly figure; Two brahmins; Two brahmins performing a ritual; Sri Virupaksha enshrined.
Plaster sculptures: The wedding of Virupaksha and Pampambika.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Sri Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling beam above the entrance to the sanctuary

Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Vignettes, from left: Pujaris performing a ritual; Sri Virupaksha enshrined; Nandi; Three brahmins; Two courtiers; Two attendants; A male figure bearing a yoke and a retainer; Two drummers; A kettledrum player; A dvarapala.
Plaster sculptures; The wedding of Virupaksha and Pampambika.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling beam above the entrance to the sanctuary

Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Vignettes, from left: Pujaris performing a ritual; Sri Virupaksha enshrined; Nandi; Three brahmins; Two courtiers; Two attendants; A male figure bearing a yoke and a retainer; Two drummers; A kettledrum player; A dvarapala.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling beam above the entrance to the sanctuary

Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: A lady with a manuscript in her hand reciting, and a female musician accompanying her performance; Fragments of a seated male figure, the plait of a no longer extant female figure, and six standing ladies with sugarcanes.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Natyamandapa, third bay from the east, north

Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: A group of ladies and a mridanga (barrel-shaped drum) player.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Bay immediately to the west of the circumambulatory passage

Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: Virabhadra watches a dance performance. On the right, a mridanga player and a group of ladies. Immediately behind the dancer is a cymbal player.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Bay immediately to the west of the circumambulatory passage

Date: Second half of the 17th century
Description: Seated goddess holding a sceptre with devotees, musicians and dancers.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Kailasanathar Temple;Nattam
Positioning: Open mandapa, beam beneath the ceiling, south section

Date: Second half of the 17th century
Description: Worshippers, musicians and dancers.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Kailasanathar Temple;Nattam
Positioning: Open mandapa, beam beneath the ceiling. south section
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