Rulers
Historical background
Mythical rulers appear in the murals along historical figure such as Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Setupati of Ramanathapuram
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Some Shaiva devotees blame Manikkavachakar for jeopardising his careeer and their future; Manikkavachakar, however remains firm in his resolve; The next day he is summoned at Arimarttana’s (Varagunavarman II) presence because the horses have not yet arrived.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) waits a couple of days; then he orders Manikkavachakar to return all the funds he had taken from the treasury; He orders to place a heavy block of granite on his head, he is made to carry a huge stone on his back and finally he is imprisoned.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Manikkavachakar informs the king that the horses have been purchased; He bathes in the Potramarai tank; His followers blame him for jeopardising his careers thus compromising their livelyhood; Second row: The merchant with the horses arrives and the purchase is concluded at the presence of Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) and of Manikkavachakar; Third row: the Vaigai floods Madurai and Shiva in the guise of a youth agrees to help an old woman by doing her share of work along the dam, in exchange fo some food. While the others work, the youth lies lazily beneath a tree.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Tired of waiting for the horses to arrive, Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) instructs his henchmen to torture Manikkavachakar and to imprison him. Second row: The newly purchased horses become jackals again, kill the few remaining horses of the king and invade Madurai; Note the portrait of Queen Victoria flanked by the British Lion and the Unicorn on the arch. Third row: The king begs forgiveness and asks Manikkavachakar to resume his post; Manikkavachakar, however, refuses and dedicates himself to the worship of Shiva.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row; Tired of waiting for the horses, Arimarttana Pandya instructs his henchmen to torture and imprison Manikkavachakar; Second row: The jackals invade Madurai; Third row: Manikkavachakar and disciples; A sacred fire appears in a tank and 999 chosen devotees of Shiva jump in it to join their Lord.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) is informed about the horses’ incident, and since he can no longer trace the merchant, orders his guards to punish Manikkavachakar and to imprison him again; Bottom row: Manikkavachakar witnesses the death of the 999 chosen devotees; He quits Madurai, relocates in a forest, the Tapovanam, near Chidambaram.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row; The Vaigai floods Madurai; Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II), looks for Manikkavachakar and begs forgiveness of him; Fourth row: Manikkavachakar’s travels through South India visiting temples and ascetics.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: First row: Manikkavachakar worships Nataraja at Chidambaram; Unidentified episodes involving a group of ladies around a trough and a sage, perhaps Manikkavachakar, and a swarm of dragonflies; Second row (right): Manikkavachakar converses with Patanjali and Vyaghrapada; (left):The Chola king listens to a group of Buddhists.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Unidentified episodes involving Manikkavachakar and a swarm of dragonflies; A group of ladies around a trough; Second row: Manikkavachakar and his companions before the Chola king, debate with the Buddhists.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row: The sage and his followers meet the dumb daughter of the Chola king; Fourth row: damaged.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row (left): The Buddhists; (right) The Chola king and his dumb daughter; Fourth row: Damaged.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row: Having failed to free the dumb daughter of the Chola king of her infirmity, the defeated Buddhists are killed; Fourth row: Damaged.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
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