Rulers
Historical background
Mythical rulers appear in the murals along historical figure such as Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Setupati of Ramanathapuram
Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Rama, flanked by Janaka and Sita wins the archery contest. Two couples flank the main tableau. The seven rishis are shown in the vignettes on the left and the right. Celestial beings and rishis inhabit the five buildings at the top of the composition. Beneath the main scene is a lying figure, possibly Ravana. According to some re-tellings of the epic, he was among the princes present at the archery contest and fainted when Rama won.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling, sixth register from west
Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Rama and Sita’s wedding. On the left Sita accompanied by Janaka and his wife, on the right Rama; Dasharatha and Kausalya. Flanking the main tableau, on the left are Vasishtha and Janaka’s court chaplain, Shatananda; on the right, one of Dasharatha’s other queens (?) and Vishvamitra. Rows of courtly figures and rishis in buildings enliven the upper portion of the composition. The lower part accommodates four male courtly figures and eight ascetics. Their different attires indicate the various orders they belong to.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling, sixth row from west
Date: First half of the 19th century
Description: Arjuna wins Draupadi’s hand. Flanked by Drupada and by Draupadi, Arjuna, standing on two spherical devices, aims at the matsya yantra (revolving fish target) by looking at its reflection in a cauldron of water, which, according to the tradition, was continuously stirred. To the left are three crowned male figures, possibly Arjuna’s brothers; Yudhishthira, Bhima and Nakula. On the right two male figures could be Sahadeva and Krishna, and an unidentified third person. The vignette on the right shows two deities, possibly Shiva and Vishnu; the one on the left, four crowned figures. The upper part of the panel is occupied by the rishis-in-buildings motif. The central part of the lower portion accommodates six ascetics in different attires indicating their different religious orders, and at the corners crowned male and female figures.
Location: Karnataka Temple;Virupaksha Temple;Hampi
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling, sixth row from west
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: Virapanna, governor of Penukonda paying homage to Virabhadra. Detail of the large Virabhadra on the central ceiling of the mahamandapa.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, ceiling of the central bay
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: Virapanna, governor of Penukonda paying homage to Virabhadra. Detail of the large Virabhadra on the central ceiling of the mahamandapa.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, ceiling of the central bay
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: Virapanna and family worship Virabhadra along with the patriarch Daksha. Detail of the large Virabhadra on the central ceiling of the mahamandapa.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, ceiling of the central bay
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: Vishnu’s avataras: Vishnu as Narasimha flanked by a royal figure and ascetics.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Raghunathalaya, ceiling
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: A hall in which the putrakameshti yajna (ritual in order to obtain a son) is taking place. Dasharatha and his three queens face Rishyashringa who officiates along a number of rishis.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, west porch ceiling, central bay, top row
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: King Dasharatha divides the payasa among his three queens. A pregnant queen in her apartment.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, west porch ceiling, central bay, middle row
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: The four princes armed with bows and arrows stand near Dasharatha, who is seated together with a group of ascetics.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, west porch ceiling, central bay, bottom row
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: An enthroned ruler flanked by two attendants granting audience to two crowned figures and an ascetic (?).
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Mahamandapa, east porch
Date: First half of the 16th century
Description: From right: Worship of Bhairava; Draupadi svayamvara (ceremony in which the bride choses her groom); Draupadi seated on her father’s, Drupada, lap witnesses the archery competition. On the extreme left, Arjuna hits the revolving fish target.
Location: Andhra Pradesh Temple;Virabhadraswamy Temple;Lepakshi
Positioning: Natyamandapa, first bay from the east, south end
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