Topography
Historical background
Particularly interesting are the schematic renderings of many temples. The deities are shown in their own shrines along with the typical natural features of the site, enabling thus the viewer to identify them.
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Manikkavachakar informes Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) that the horses have been purchased, thereupon the king gives him the title of Turangapati (Master of the horses); He then goes to the Minakshi temple and bathes in the Potramarai tank.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Some Shaiva devotees blame Manikkavachakar for jeopardising his careeer and their future; Manikkavachakar, however remains firm in his resolve; The next day he is summoned at Arimarttana’s (Varagunavarman II) presence because the horses have not yet arrived.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) waits a couple of days; then he orders Manikkavachakar to return all the funds he had taken from the treasury; He orders to place a heavy block of granite on his head, he is made to carry a huge stone on his back and finally he is imprisoned.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Manikkavachakar informs the king that the horses have been purchased; He bathes in the Potramarai tank; His followers blame him for jeopardising his careers thus compromising their livelyhood; Second row: The merchant with the horses arrives and the purchase is concluded at the presence of Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) and of Manikkavachakar; Third row: the Vaigai floods Madurai and Shiva in the guise of a youth agrees to help an old woman by doing her share of work along the dam, in exchange fo some food. While the others work, the youth lies lazily beneath a tree.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Tired of waiting for the horses to arrive, Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) instructs his henchmen to torture Manikkavachakar and to imprison him. Second row: The newly purchased horses become jackals again, kill the few remaining horses of the king and invade Madurai; Note the portrait of Queen Victoria flanked by the British Lion and the Unicorn on the arch. Third row: The king begs forgiveness and asks Manikkavachakar to resume his post; Manikkavachakar, however, refuses and dedicates himself to the worship of Shiva.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row; Tired of waiting for the horses, Arimarttana Pandya instructs his henchmen to torture and imprison Manikkavachakar; Second row: The jackals invade Madurai; Third row: Manikkavachakar and disciples; A sacred fire appears in a tank and 999 chosen devotees of Shiva jump in it to join their Lord.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) is informed about the horses’ incident, and since he can no longer trace the merchant, orders his guards to punish Manikkavachakar and to imprison him again; Bottom row: Manikkavachakar witnesses the death of the 999 chosen devotees; He quits Madurai, relocates in a forest, the Tapovanam, near Chidambaram.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row; The Vaigai floods Madurai and Shiva in the guise of a youth agrees to help an old woman,Vanti, by doing her share of work along the dam, in exchange for some food. While the others work, the youth lies lazily beneath a tree; Fourth row Manikkavachakar visits a a number of Shaiva temples; River scene.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row; The Vaigai floods Madurai; Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II), looks for Manikkavachakar and begs forgiveness of him; Fourth row: Manikkavachakar’s travels through South India visiting temples and ascetics.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row: Having refused the invitation of Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) to resume his post, Manikkavachakar dedicates himself to the worship of Shiva.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: First row: Manikkavachakar worships Nataraja at Chidambaram; Unidentified episodes involving a group of ladies around a trough and a sage, perhaps Manikkavachakar, and a swarm of dragonflies; Second row (right): Manikkavachakar converses with Patanjali and Vyaghrapada; (left):The Chola king listens to a group of Buddhists.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, north face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Manikkavachakar, deities, and ascetics worship Nataraja, Shivakami, Vyaghrapada and Patanjali enshrined at Chidambaram.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Tempe;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, east face
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