Ramayana
Historical background
One of the two great Sanskrit epics of India, the other being the Mahabharata. In its present form the epic consists of disparate elements, including romantic stories, myths, legends and vague historical information.
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Ravana woos Sita captive in the ashoka grove in Lanka.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Once his chariot has been destroyed by Jatayu, Ravana proceeds towards Lanka carrying Sita on a plank (?); On her way there she drops her ornaments, which are collected by the monkeys living in Kishkindha.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: Ravana wounds Lakshmana.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: mid-19th century
Description: View of the Darbar Hall on the ground floor of the palace, now used as a godown; Ramapattabhisheka and rice sacks.
Location: Tamil Nadu Palace;Bodinayakkanur
Positioning: Darbar Hall
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row (from right) Hanuman talks to Sita; she is bathed and taken in a palanquin to meet Rama. Central row, celestials and dikpalas; Top row:
Rama and allies on the pushpaka vimana; Rama and Sita worship nine shrines; This probably refers to the Navagrahas (nine planets) temple at Navapashana, near Ramanathapuram.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Rama and Sita enthroned; Lakshmana and the rishis on the left, Bharata, Shatrughna and Vibhishana on the right; In the foreground Hanuman kneels before Rama; Sugriva rewards the allies.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temples;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Rama and Sita enthroned; Top row: Bharata Shatrughna, Vibhishana and other heroes on the top row; Bottom row: Guha (?); Angada (?); Jambavan and other allies.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Hanuman, Sita and Vibhishana before Rama; Lakshmana lights up the fire for Sita’s ordeal: Central row: Sita’s fire ordeal witnessed by all the deities; Top row: Rama, Sita and the allies fly back to Ayodhya on the pushpaka vimana.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Sita is taken in a palanquin preceded by Vibhishana and musicians to meet Rama and his allies; Central row: Brahma, Shiva, other celestials and the dikpalas witness Sita’s fire ordeal; Top row: Rama, Sita and the allies, on their journey to Ayodhya on the pushpaka vimana pay homage to the navagrahas temple at Navapashana.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi Temple;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Hanuman informs Sita that she is to meet Rama; she is bathed, and carried in a palanquin. Vibhishana and musicians precede her; Central row: Celestials and dikpalas witness Sita’s fire ordeal. On the extreme right, Agni carries Sita in his
arms and restores her unscathed to Rama; A gandharva, floating on a cloud, throws flowers on her; Top row: On their way back to Ayodhya, Rama, Sita and their allies worship at the navagrahas shrine at Navapashana. On the right: monkeys.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Rama receives Vibhishana, carrying a basket of fruit, who prostrates at his feet; Central row: Hanuman, Angada and their followers, disrupt Ravana’s patala-homa (sacrifice to ensure victory against the enemy); Top row: Battle scenes.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
Date: Late 16th or early 17th century
Description: Bottom row: Rama talks to Vibhishana, prostrates before him; Lakshmana consecrates Vibhishana; Central row; Rama’s troops invade Ravana’s palace; Angada grabs Mandodari by the hair and drags her out of her rooms; Ravana, a disappeared figure and Sugriva (?); Top row: Battle scenes: Lakshmana fights against Ravana and other rakshasas under the eyes of Jambavan, Sugriva and other heroes.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Venugopala Parthasarathi;Chengam
Positioning: Open mandapa, ceiling
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