Rituals
Historical background
Weddings and festivals provide the artists with a scope to explore religious rituals and at the same time courtly etiquette, dress, and ornaments in great detail.
Date: 18th century
Description: Top row 9 (from left): Vibhishana prostrates before Rama and Lakshmana; He is consecrated king of Lanka by Lakshmana and Sugriva; Vibhishana and Lakshmana, carried in a palanquin, reach the shore of the ocean where Rama lies on a couch of darbha grass. Bottom row 10 ctd. (from right): Having built the causeway, the troops cross the ocean; Rama and Lakshmana direct the attack on Lanka from a hill; Ravana watches the action from atop a gopura; Sugriva jumps on him and steals his crown; Ravana, shocked, descends from the gopura.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Kallalagar Temple complex;Alagar Koyil
Positioning: Vasanta mandapa, east corridor, ceiling
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row; Scenes of the childhood of Manikkavachakar; His upanayana (sacred thread) ceremony and the commencement of his education.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, south face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Second row: A coronation scene.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, south face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Fourth row; On his way to Tirupperunturai Manikkavachakar visits the Minakshi Temple, bathes in the Potramarai tank and a brahmin gives him some sacred ash to rub on his forehead.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, south face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Manikkavachakar informes Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) that the horses have been purchased, thereupon the king gives him the title of Turangapati (Master of the horses); He then goes to the Minakshi temple and bathes in the Potramarai tank.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Top row: Manikkavachakar informs the king that the horses have been purchased; He bathes in the Potramarai tank; His followers blame him for jeopardising his careers thus compromising their livelyhood; Second row: The merchant with the horses arrives and the purchase is concluded at the presence of Arimarttana Pandya (Varagunavarman II) and of Manikkavachakar; Third row: the Vaigai floods Madurai and Shiva in the guise of a youth agrees to help an old woman by doing her share of work along the dam, in exchange fo some food. While the others work, the youth lies lazily beneath a tree.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Third row; The Vaigai floods Madurai and Shiva in the guise of a youth agrees to help an old woman,Vanti, by doing her share of work along the dam, in exchange for some food. While the others work, the youth lies lazily beneath a tree; Fourth row Manikkavachakar visits a a number of Shaiva temples; River scene.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, west face
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Unidentified narrative involving Jain (?) monks. On the right: A pious lady worships the linga; Shiva appears to her in a dream (?).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, prakara east wall
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: The wedding of Shiva and Parvati at the presence of all the gods, celestial beings, rishis and ascetics. In the foreground, Brahma performs the ritual.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, prakara, south wall
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: The wedding of Shiva and Parvati at the presence of all the gods, celestial beings, rishis and ascetics. In the foreground, Brahma performs the ritual. On the right, Adhikaranandi and the gods.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, prakara, south wall
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: Shaiva shrines. On the left: unidentified temple; On the right: Sattainathar Temple, Sirkali.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, prakara, north west corner
Date: Paintings: late 19th, early 20th century
Description: The life of Sambandar: The wedding of the saint and the merging of the whole party into Shiva.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Atmanatha Temple;Avudaiyarkoyil
Positioning: Sivananda Manikkavachakar shrine, pradakshina patha, north wall
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