Topography
Historical background
Particularly interesting are the schematic renderings of many temples. The deities are shown in their own shrines along with the typical natural features of the site, enabling thus the viewer to identify them.
Date: Paintings, 16th century
Description: Cosmography: Map the terrestrial world. At its centre, represented by a circle, is Jambudvipa, the continent where India and Mount Meru are located.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Jaina Monuments;Tirumalai
Positioning: Jaina rock-cut shrines, antechamber
Date: Paintings, 16th century
Description: Cosmography. Map of the terrestrial world. At its centre is Jambudvipa, the continent where India and Mount Meru are located.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Jaina Monuments;Tirumalai
Positioning: Jaina rock cut shrines, antechamber
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Sambandar before the king Kun Pandya, the queen and the Jains (TP 62).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudut
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Preceded by three devotees, Sambandar is carried to Madurai in a palanquin (TP 62). Behind the palanquin are two musicians, playing a horn and a kombu.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Preceded by three devotees, Sambandar is carried to Madurai in a palanquin. On the extreme left, Sambandar before the King (TP 62).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: The king, Kun Pandya, his officers, his bodyguard and his spittoon bearer on the extreme left watch Sambandar performing a miracle (TP 63).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Top row: Sambandar is carried to Madurai in a palanquin and sits before the king , Kun Pandya (TP 62). Second row: Sambandar throws a leaf with Shaiva scriptures in the fire before the Jains and the leaf remains unscathed, while the one with the scriptures of the Jains is devoured by the flames (TP 63).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Kun Pandya, accompanied by a brahmin and a bodyguard looks at the unscated leaf with Shaiva scriptures retrieved from the flames (TP 63).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Sambandar and the Jains throw manuscript leaves in the Vaigai river, and while those of the Jains are carried away by the current, Sambandar’s flow upstream (TP 63).To the extreme right the minister holds Sambandar’s book above his head and places it before a linga.
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: The story of Sambandar from his arrival in Madurai to the contests with the Jains (TP 62,63).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: Sambandar receives the letter of the queen inviting him to Madurai to rescue the kingdom from the influence of the Jains. The Jains request Agni to burn Sambandar’s hermitage. He refuses, and becomes the fever that plagues the king Kun Pandya (TP 62).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
Date: mid-17th century
Description: The Jains refuse to concede defeat and talk to two dignitaries. Sambandar is invited to a a new contest: the scriptures of the respective faiths are to be thrown in the Vaigai river (TP 63).
Location: Tamil Nadu Temple;Narumpunatha Temple;Tiruppudaimarudur
Positioning: Gopura, first tier, north chamber, west wall
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